Tips for Avoiding Antibiotic Resistance

Resistant strains more difficult to treat

Antibiotic resistance has become a major worldwide public health concern. Since antibiotics were discovered in the early 1940s, bacteria have become increasingly resistant to the bacteria-fighting drugs. At the heart of the problem lies the widespread and unnecessary use of antibiotics in livestock and people.

The problem occurs like this: When we use an antibiotic repeatedly, some of the bacteria that are exposed to that antibiotic start to change; they become stronger and more able to fight back against the drug. Over time, an antibiotic that was once effective no longer works as well against that particular type of bacterial infection.

Repeated and improper use of antibiotics eventually creates strains of bacteria that are resistant to multiple drugs. These resistant bacteria can cause serious infections that are very difficult to treat. The result is longer-lasting illnesses, more frequent visits to the doctor, extended hospital stays, the need for more expensive or toxic medications and, in the worst situations, even death.

How to prevent resistance

In response to the resistance problem, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has educational campaigns to promote awareness about the wise use of antibiotics. Here are some tips from the CDC:

• Take an antibiotic only when your health care provider determines it’s truly necessary. Taking the drugs needlessly can worsen antibiotic resistance, waste your money, and expose your body to unwanted side effects.

• Don’t take antibiotics for viral infections such as colds or influenza. Reason: Antibiotics are designed to work only against bacterial infections. They don’t work at all in eliminating viruses.

• Ask your doctor about other options for treating viral illness. Soothing teas, gargles, lozenges, syrups and sprays along with rest and fluids can help relieve uncomfortable symptoms.

• Take an antibiotic exactly as your health provider tells you. Don’t skip doses. Complete the prescribed course of treatment, even if you’re feeling better.

• Don’t save any antibiotics for the next time you get sick. Discard any leftover medication once you’ve completed your prescribed treatment.

• Don’t take antibiotics prescribed for someone else. The antibiotic may not be appropriate for your illness. And taking the wrong medicine may delay correct treatment and allow the bacteria to multiply.

• Reduce the need for antibiotics by preventing infection. Keep your vaccines current. Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand cleaner. And avoid close contact with others when you or they are sick.

This newsletter is for educational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for medical advice or treatment; before adhering to any recommendations in this newsletter consult your healthcare provider.